Nutritionist Exam Short Answers Summary1. What are the three basic components of nutrition?The three basic components of nutrition are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Carbohydrates provide energy and are the main source of fuel for the body. Proteins are essential for building and repairing body tissues. Fats are essential for insulation, energy storage, and hormone production.2. What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for adults?The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for adults is the estimated amount of a nutrient that is needed to maintain good health. It is based on age, sex, and activity level. The RDA is the minimum amount of a nutrient needed to prevent deficiencies, but it is not necessarily the optimal amount for all individuals.3. What is the difference between a calorie and a kilocalorie?A calorie (cal) is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius. A kilocalorie (kcal) is equal to 1,000 calories and is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius.4. What is the difference between macronutrients and micronutrients?Macronutrients are nutrients that provide energy to the body, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Micronutrients are nutrients that are needed in smaller amounts, such as vitamins and minerals.5. What is the difference between an essential nutrient and a non-essential nutrient?An essential nutrient is a nutrient that must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot produce it. Non-essential nutrients are nutrients that can be made by the body and do not need to be obtained from the diet.